Programming Forums > Script Programming > Python

public2 · Oct 30th, 2006, 4:10 AM

Hi.

This is my first post, and is about an assignment I've at my college.

An overall description:
We have to make a function, with one argument, the URL. then we have to search the HTML code for any pictures, and to do that I will search for <img and src tags.

All that I can, but then we have to save the pictures local on my harddrive, and make a collage with all the pictures in it. My hindrance right now is the saving part.

For testing the script, I'm using this code:

(Toggle Plain Text)

def getImageUrl(urlstring):
  import urllib
  connection=urllib.urlopen(urlstring)
  picture = connection.read()
  connection.close()
  curloc = picture.find("img")
  if curloc <> -1:
    picloc = picture.find("<src", curloc)
    picstart = picture.rfind(">",0,picloc)
    #writefile.open(picture,"wt")
    pic = open(picture, 'wb').read
    picture = urllib.urlopen(urlstring)
    pic.write(picture)
    pic.close()
  else:
    print "There is no pictures in this URL"

I know my code isn't optimized, but I just can't seem to find the function, so it will save my pictures...

In advanced thanks.
Greetings
Public2

Arevos · Oct 30th, 2006, 4:38 AM

You're on the right track, but there are three problems that I can see with your code. Firstly, you appear to be looking for a 'src' tag, when it's an attribute. Secondly, you're trying to open a file named picture, where picture is a variable containing your HTML page. Thirdly, you're not getting the URL of the image, you're getting the URL of the page again.

Whenever I'm doing any work with HTML in Python, I use Beautiful Soup. It's wonderfully easy to use, and comes as a single py file, so it's really rather good.

Using Beautiful Soup, your function might look like:

 python Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
from urllib import urlopen
from urlparse import urljoin
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup
 
def downloadImagesFrom(urlstring):
    soup = BeautifulSoup(urlopen(urlstring))
    image_number = 1
    for img in soup.findAll("img"):
        if "src" in img.attrMap:
            image_url = urljoin(urlstring, img['src'])   
 
            file = open(str(image_number), "wb")
            file.write(urlopen(image_url).read())
            file.close()
 
            image_number += 1
from urllib import urlopen
from urlparse import urljoin
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup

def downloadImagesFrom(urlstring):
    soup = BeautifulSoup(urlopen(urlstring))
    image_number = 1
    for img in soup.findAll("img"):
        if "src" in img.attrMap:
            image_url = urljoin(urlstring, img['src'])   
      
            file = open(str(image_number), "wb")
            file.write(urlopen(image_url).read())
            file.close()

            image_number += 1

The above code just writes the images to numerically named files in the current directory. You may wish to do something more sophisticated.

public2 · Oct 30th, 2006, 10:27 AM

Hey Arevos.

Thanks for your answer, I just got one problem that is, I don't think we are allowed to import external codes like BeautifulSoup.

My code can detect that there is pictures in the HTML code, but I just can't seem to save them to my harddrive. I'll try to make the code work, but it is more difficult then I thought it would be.

Arevos · Oct 30th, 2006, 10:51 AM

If you've already got the "src" attribute, you can just use the inner-most indentation of the previous code:

 python Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
from urlparse import urljoin
 
def saveImage(pageUrl, src, savePath):
    image_url = urljoin(pageUrl, src) 
 
    file = open(savePath, "wb")
    file.write(urlopen(image_url).read())
    file.close()
from urlparse import urljoin

def saveImage(pageUrl, src, savePath):
    image_url = urljoin(pageUrl, src) 
      
    file = open(savePath, "wb")
    file.write(urlopen(image_url).read())
    file.close()

By the way, you seem to be using str.find when re.findall might be a better choice:

 python Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
import re
from urllib import urlopen
 
imageRe = re.compile('<\s*img.*?src\s*=\s*"(.*?)".*?>', re.IGNORECASE)
 
def findImages(pageUrl):
    return imageRe.findall(urlopen(pageUrl).read())
import re
from urllib import urlopen

imageRe = re.compile('<\s*img.*?src\s*=\s*"(.*?)".*?>', re.IGNORECASE)

def findImages(pageUrl):
    return imageRe.findall(urlopen(pageUrl).read())

Regular expressions are rather useful for parsing text, and are included in the Python standard library.

public2 · Oct 31st, 2006, 3:06 PM

Hey again.

I finally got finished with my assignment, and thought I would write the code down here. It turned out that we had to make most of the code in Jython, so some of the modules couldn't be used, but I managed anyway. Here is the complete code:

(Toggle Plain Text)

import urllib
from urlparse import urljoin
import random

def makeCollageFromUrl(urlString):    
    listOfImages = getImagesUrl(urlString)
    imageNames = []
    for imageUrl in listOfImages:
        filename = saveImage(imageUrl)
        imageNames.append(filename)
    width = 640
    height = 480
    picture = makeEmptyPicture(width,height)
    for imageName in imageNames:
        p = makePicture(imageName)
        if p.getWidth()<width and p.getHeight()<height:
            copyPictureToPicture(p,picture,random.randint(0,width-p.getWidth()),random.randint(0,height-p.getHeight()),0.5)
    
    picture.show()
    writePictureTo(picture,r"C:\HTMLCollage.jpg")

def getImagesUrl(urlString):
  connection=urllib.urlopen(urlString)
  getPictures = connection.read()
  connection.close()
  executeIndex = 0
  PicHTMLlist = []
  while getPictures.find("<img",executeIndex) <> -1:
    currentPicIndex = getPictures.find("<img",executeIndex)
    currentSrcIndex = getPictures.find("src=",currentPicIndex)
    nxtIndex = getPictures.find(">",currentSrcIndex)
    executeIndex = nxtIndex
    if getPictures.find("http",currentSrcIndex,nxtIndex)!=-1:
        end = getPictures.find(" ",currentSrcIndex,nxtIndex)
        currentPic = getPictures[currentSrcIndex+4:end]
        currentPic = currentPic.replace('"'," ")
        currentPic = currentPic.replace("'"," ")
        repCurrPic = currentPic.lstrip()
        repCurrPic = repCurrPic.rstrip()
        if repCurrPic.rfind(".jpg") != -1 or repCurrPic.rfind(".gif") != -1:
            PicHTMLlist.append(repCurrPic)
  return PicHTMLlist
  
def saveImage(urlString):
    connection = urllib.urlopen(urlString)
    getPictures = connection.read()
    connection.close()
    sepIndex = urlString.rfind("/")
    filnavn = urlString[(sepIndex+1):]
    file = open(filnavn,"wb")
    file.write(getPictures)
    file.close()
    return filnavn

def copyPictureToPicture(sourcePic,targetPic,offsetX,offsetY, blend):
  for x in range(1,sourcePic.getWidth()+1):
    for y in range(1,sourcePic.getHeight()+1):
      color = sourcePic.getPixel(x,y).getColor()
      targetPixel = targetPic.getPixel(x+offsetX,y+offsetY)
      targetColor = targetPixel.getColor()
      targetPixel.setRed(int(color.getRed()*blend+targetColor.getRed()*blend))
      targetPixel.setGreen(int(color.getGreen()*blend+targetColor.getGreen()*blend))
      targetPixel.setBlue(int(color.getBlue()*blend+targetColor.getBlue()*blend))

import urllib
from urlparse import urljoin
import random

def makeCollageFromUrl(urlString):    
    listOfImages = getImagesUrl(urlString)
    imageNames = []
    for imageUrl in listOfImages:
        filename = saveImage(imageUrl)
        imageNames.append(filename)
    width = 640
    height = 480
    picture = makeEmptyPicture(width,height)
    for imageName in imageNames:
        p = makePicture(imageName)
        if p.getWidth()<width and p.getHeight()<height:
            copyPictureToPicture(p,picture,random.randint(0,width-p.getWidth()),random.randint(0,height-p.getHeight()),0.5)
    
    picture.show()
    writePictureTo(picture,r"C:\HTMLCollage.jpg")

def getImagesUrl(urlString):
  connection=urllib.urlopen(urlString)
  getPictures = connection.read()
  connection.close()
  executeIndex = 0
  PicHTMLlist = []
  while getPictures.find("<img",executeIndex) <> -1:
    currentPicIndex = getPictures.find("<img",executeIndex)
    currentSrcIndex = getPictures.find("src=",currentPicIndex)
    nxtIndex = getPictures.find(">",currentSrcIndex)
    executeIndex = nxtIndex
    if getPictures.find("http",currentSrcIndex,nxtIndex)!=-1:
        end = getPictures.find(" ",currentSrcIndex,nxtIndex)
        currentPic = getPictures[currentSrcIndex+4:end]
        currentPic = currentPic.replace('"'," ")
        currentPic = currentPic.replace("'"," ")
        repCurrPic = currentPic.lstrip()
        repCurrPic = repCurrPic.rstrip()
        if repCurrPic.rfind(".jpg") != -1 or repCurrPic.rfind(".gif") != -1:
            PicHTMLlist.append(repCurrPic)
  return PicHTMLlist
  
def saveImage(urlString):
    connection = urllib.urlopen(urlString)
    getPictures = connection.read()
    connection.close()
    sepIndex = urlString.rfind("/")
    filnavn = urlString[(sepIndex+1):]
    file = open(filnavn,"wb")
    file.write(getPictures)
    file.close()
    return filnavn

def copyPictureToPicture(sourcePic,targetPic,offsetX,offsetY, blend):
  for x in range(1,sourcePic.getWidth()+1):
    for y in range(1,sourcePic.getHeight()+1):
      color = sourcePic.getPixel(x,y).getColor()
      targetPixel = targetPic.getPixel(x+offsetX,y+offsetY)
      targetColor = targetPixel.getColor()
      targetPixel.setRed(int(color.getRed()*blend+targetColor.getRed()*blend))
      targetPixel.setGreen(int(color.getGreen()*blend+targetColor.getGreen()*blend))
      targetPixel.setBlue(int(color.getBlue()*blend+targetColor.getBlue()*blend))

There might be some word in Danish, but most of it is in English. Thanks for your help Arevos.

Have a great evening.

Greetings Public2

Oct 30th, 2006, 4:10 AM	#1
public2 Newbie Join Date: Aug 2006 Posts: 13 Rep Power: 0	urllib and save pictures Hi. This is my first post, and is about an assignment I've at my college. An overall description: We have to make a function, with one argument, the URL. then we have to search the HTML code for any pictures, and to do that I will search for <img and src tags. All that I can, but then we have to save the pictures local on my harddrive, and make a collage with all the pictures in it. My hindrance right now is the saving part. For testing the script, I'm using this code: (Toggle Plain Text) def getImageUrl(urlstring): import urllib connection=urllib.urlopen(urlstring) picture = connection.read() connection.close() curloc = picture.find("img") if curloc <> -1: picloc = picture.find("<src", curloc) picstart = picture.rfind(">",0,picloc) #writefile.open(picture,"wt") pic = open(picture, 'wb').read picture = urllib.urlopen(urlstring) pic.write(picture) pic.close() else: print "There is no pictures in this URL" def getImageUrl(urlstring): import urllib connection=urllib.urlopen(urlstring) picture = connection.read() connection.close() curloc = picture.find("img") if curloc <> -1: picloc = picture.find("<src", curloc) picstart = picture.rfind(">",0,picloc) #writefile.open(picture,"wt") pic = open(picture, 'wb').read picture = urllib.urlopen(urlstring) pic.write(picture) pic.close() else: print "There is no pictures in this URL" I know my code isn't optimized, but I just can't seem to find the function, so it will save my pictures... In advanced thanks. Greetings Public2

Oct 30th, 2006, 4:38 AM	#2
Arevos Programming Guru Join Date: Aug 2005 Location: England Posts: 1,499 Rep Power: 4	You're on the right track, but there are three problems that I can see with your code. Firstly, you appear to be looking for a 'src' tag, when it's an attribute. Secondly, you're trying to open a file named picture, where picture is a variable containing your HTML page. Thirdly, you're not getting the URL of the image, you're getting the URL of the page again. Whenever I'm doing any work with HTML in Python, I use Beautiful Soup. It's wonderfully easy to use, and comes as a single py file, so it's really rather good. Using Beautiful Soup, your function might look like: python Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) from urllib import urlopen from urlparse import urljoin from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup def downloadImagesFrom(urlstring): soup = BeautifulSoup(urlopen(urlstring)) image_number = 1 for img in soup.findAll("img"): if "src" in img.attrMap: image_url = urljoin(urlstring, img['src']) file = open(str(image_number), "wb") file.write(urlopen(image_url).read()) file.close() image_number += 1 from urllib import urlopen from urlparse import urljoin from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup def downloadImagesFrom(urlstring): soup = BeautifulSoup(urlopen(urlstring)) image_number = 1 for img in soup.findAll("img"): if "src" in img.attrMap: image_url = urljoin(urlstring, img['src']) file = open(str(image_number), "wb") file.write(urlopen(image_url).read()) file.close() image_number += 1 The above code just writes the images to numerically named files in the current directory. You may wish to do something more sophisticated.

Oct 30th, 2006, 10:51 AM	#4
Arevos Programming Guru Join Date: Aug 2005 Location: England Posts: 1,499 Rep Power: 4	If you've already got the "src" attribute, you can just use the inner-most indentation of the previous code: python Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) from urlparse import urljoin def saveImage(pageUrl, src, savePath): image_url = urljoin(pageUrl, src) file = open(savePath, "wb") file.write(urlopen(image_url).read()) file.close() from urlparse import urljoin def saveImage(pageUrl, src, savePath): image_url = urljoin(pageUrl, src) file = open(savePath, "wb") file.write(urlopen(image_url).read()) file.close() By the way, you seem to be using str.find when re.findall might be a better choice: python Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) import re from urllib import urlopen imageRe = re.compile('<\simg.?src\s=\s"(.?)".?>', re.IGNORECASE) def findImages(pageUrl): return imageRe.findall(urlopen(pageUrl).read()) import re from urllib import urlopen imageRe = re.compile('<\simg.?src\s=\s"(.?)".?>', re.IGNORECASE) def findImages(pageUrl): return imageRe.findall(urlopen(pageUrl).read()) Regular expressions are rather useful for parsing text, and are included in the Python standard library.

Oct 31st, 2006, 3:06 PM	#5
public2 Newbie Join Date: Aug 2006 Posts: 13 Rep Power: 0	Hey again. I finally got finished with my assignment, and thought I would write the code down here. It turned out that we had to make most of the code in Jython, so some of the modules couldn't be used, but I managed anyway. Here is the complete code: (Toggle Plain Text) import urllib from urlparse import urljoin import random def makeCollageFromUrl(urlString): listOfImages = getImagesUrl(urlString) imageNames = [] for imageUrl in listOfImages: filename = saveImage(imageUrl) imageNames.append(filename) width = 640 height = 480 picture = makeEmptyPicture(width,height) for imageName in imageNames: p = makePicture(imageName) if p.getWidth()<width and p.getHeight()<height: copyPictureToPicture(p,picture,random.randint(0,width-p.getWidth()),random.randint(0,height-p.getHeight()),0.5) picture.show() writePictureTo(picture,r"C:\HTMLCollage.jpg") def getImagesUrl(urlString): connection=urllib.urlopen(urlString) getPictures = connection.read() connection.close() executeIndex = 0 PicHTMLlist = [] while getPictures.find("<img",executeIndex) <> -1: currentPicIndex = getPictures.find("<img",executeIndex) currentSrcIndex = getPictures.find("src=",currentPicIndex) nxtIndex = getPictures.find(">",currentSrcIndex) executeIndex = nxtIndex if getPictures.find("http",currentSrcIndex,nxtIndex)!=-1: end = getPictures.find(" ",currentSrcIndex,nxtIndex) currentPic = getPictures[currentSrcIndex+4:end] currentPic = currentPic.replace('"'," ") currentPic = currentPic.replace("'"," ") repCurrPic = currentPic.lstrip() repCurrPic = repCurrPic.rstrip() if repCurrPic.rfind(".jpg") != -1 or repCurrPic.rfind(".gif") != -1: PicHTMLlist.append(repCurrPic) return PicHTMLlist def saveImage(urlString): connection = urllib.urlopen(urlString) getPictures = connection.read() connection.close() sepIndex = urlString.rfind("/") filnavn = urlString[(sepIndex+1):] file = open(filnavn,"wb") file.write(getPictures) file.close() return filnavn def copyPictureToPicture(sourcePic,targetPic,offsetX,offsetY, blend): for x in range(1,sourcePic.getWidth()+1): for y in range(1,sourcePic.getHeight()+1): color = sourcePic.getPixel(x,y).getColor() targetPixel = targetPic.getPixel(x+offsetX,y+offsetY) targetColor = targetPixel.getColor() targetPixel.setRed(int(color.getRed()blend+targetColor.getRed()blend)) targetPixel.setGreen(int(color.getGreen()blend+targetColor.getGreen()blend)) targetPixel.setBlue(int(color.getBlue()blend+targetColor.getBlue()blend)) import urllib from urlparse import urljoin import random def makeCollageFromUrl(urlString): listOfImages = getImagesUrl(urlString) imageNames = [] for imageUrl in listOfImages: filename = saveImage(imageUrl) imageNames.append(filename) width = 640 height = 480 picture = makeEmptyPicture(width,height) for imageName in imageNames: p = makePicture(imageName) if p.getWidth()<width and p.getHeight()<height: copyPictureToPicture(p,picture,random.randint(0,width-p.getWidth()),random.randint(0,height-p.getHeight()),0.5) picture.show() writePictureTo(picture,r"C:\HTMLCollage.jpg") def getImagesUrl(urlString): connection=urllib.urlopen(urlString) getPictures = connection.read() connection.close() executeIndex = 0 PicHTMLlist = [] while getPictures.find("<img",executeIndex) <> -1: currentPicIndex = getPictures.find("<img",executeIndex) currentSrcIndex = getPictures.find("src=",currentPicIndex) nxtIndex = getPictures.find(">",currentSrcIndex) executeIndex = nxtIndex if getPictures.find("http",currentSrcIndex,nxtIndex)!=-1: end = getPictures.find(" ",currentSrcIndex,nxtIndex) currentPic = getPictures[currentSrcIndex+4:end] currentPic = currentPic.replace('"'," ") currentPic = currentPic.replace("'"," ") repCurrPic = currentPic.lstrip() repCurrPic = repCurrPic.rstrip() if repCurrPic.rfind(".jpg") != -1 or repCurrPic.rfind(".gif") != -1: PicHTMLlist.append(repCurrPic) return PicHTMLlist def saveImage(urlString): connection = urllib.urlopen(urlString) getPictures = connection.read() connection.close() sepIndex = urlString.rfind("/") filnavn = urlString[(sepIndex+1):] file = open(filnavn,"wb") file.write(getPictures) file.close() return filnavn def copyPictureToPicture(sourcePic,targetPic,offsetX,offsetY, blend): for x in range(1,sourcePic.getWidth()+1): for y in range(1,sourcePic.getHeight()+1): color = sourcePic.getPixel(x,y).getColor() targetPixel = targetPic.getPixel(x+offsetX,y+offsetY) targetColor = targetPixel.getColor() targetPixel.setRed(int(color.getRed()blend+targetColor.getRed()blend)) targetPixel.setGreen(int(color.getGreen()blend+targetColor.getGreen()blend)) targetPixel.setBlue(int(color.getBlue()blend+targetColor.getBlue()blend)) There might be some word in Danish, but most of it is in English. Thanks for your help Arevos. Have a great evening. Greetings Public2 Last edited by public2; Oct 31st, 2006 at 4:03 PM.

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Oct 30th, 2006, 10:27 AM	#3
public2 Newbie Join Date: Aug 2006 Posts: 13 Rep Power: 0	Hey Arevos. Thanks for your answer, I just got one problem that is, I don't think we are allowed to import external codes like BeautifulSoup. My code can detect that there is pictures in the HTML code, but I just can't seem to save them to my harddrive. I'll try to make the code work, but it is more difficult then I thought it would be.

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Programming Forums > Script Programming > Python

urllib and save pictures