Narue

>but it's hard to getting started with all the debuggers, linkers etc.
I agree. Most of the complexity that comes with assembly language involves using the tools, not the actual language itself.

>Is Assembly just for extensions to C and other lanuage, or can it make Applications by itself?
Assembly can do anything you want it to do.

>And can it make bigger applications or just some small stuff, like calulate?
You can make large applications with assembly, but it takes a lot of organizational prowess to do it well.

>but I just can't find anything of ASM
A lack of resources is the biggest problem.

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DaWei

You sound as if you haven't yet picked up on the fact that assembler is a mnemonic representation of the machine's natural language. It isn't an extension to C (or anything else), it's what C produces as an end product. All executable programs wind up as machine language at run-time. It hasn't turned out to be a small-time thang.

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Wilheimer

You might want to try this URL
http://webster.cs.ucr.edu/

lectricpharaoh

An assembler is a program that converts source code (usually called 'assembly code') to binary code. This binary code is either an actual program (ie, directly executable), or an object file (which is in a mostly-finished stage, but needs to be 'linked' to form a complete program). Linking is done with a program called a 'linker', and (despite the impression terms like 'link' might give) does not mean one object file needs to be joined with other files. Rather, when a program is written, the programmer makes use of many memory references. These are not fixed (since the programmer has no way of knowing where in memory the program will be loaded when it is actually run), so often the assembler generates symbolic links. It is the linker's job to edit these (in fact, the term 'linker' is short for 'link editor'), replacing them with actual addresses. Also, if you are using more than one object file, the linker joins them, and makes sure that none of the addresses collide. This is a somewhat simplified explanation, but it's enough for now.

Anyways, to get back to your question, assembly is often used in conjunction with other languages. Many things are easier to express in a high-level language like C++, but certain things are easier to do in assembly, or can be made more efficient. Thus, you might see a game written almost entirely in C++, with some very speed-critical portions written in assembly. However, as the hardware gets faster and compilers get smarter, assembly is used less these days than in previous years. That said, if the hardware is capable of something, then it is certainly possible to write a program in assembly language to do it.

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v0id

When i wrote "Extensions to C", i actually meant the HLA.
But thanks - i wasn't sure that ASM could write big programs.

Again, thanks everybody!

DaWei

Many compilers actually produce assembly language as a required intermediate step. That is then fed to an assembler, which emits the necessary object or executable code. Obviously, it can be as large as any high-level language can produce.

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