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Actually, computers can learn by experience. That means the acquisition of new numbers to crunch, said numbers being acquired by self-evaluation of one's performance, as measured by suitable criteria. It's something successful humans do, too. For a very simple example, see my Tic-Tac-Toe game. For a much more complex example, see the aforementioned Backgammon AI. The backgammon AI is so successful that it has caused masters to reevaluate their thinking on some of the opening-roll moves that were held nearly sacred for decades. The machine thought differently; the machine has been proved to be correct. The foundation of the machine's ability was laid by its builders. From there, it is free to depart, within those foundational constraints.
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